RomanshYou still did not answer my earlier question. > > Or are you saying emergence is limited to things like life and consciousness that have Nagelian theistic worldviews?-Nagel is not theistic. If you read the book he is looking for a third way around theism. He wishes to stick to his atheism. My definition: An emergent propery is something that appears from a material construction that is not itself material. Life and consciousness are two such examples. As you see the pendulum does not fit my concept.