DAVID: Fair enough. But you have never explained how initial intelligence evolved, just that energy/matter must have done it. > > dhw: Not “must” - that's the sort of vocabulary you like to use. I use “may” or “might”, because unlike theists and atheists, I am not restricted to a single hypothesis. You have never explained how initial intelligence came to exist. Just that it IS. I don't call than an explanation.-Necessity. If you believe in a first cause and that complexity is now present that requires planning, it is an obviously logical step to accept a planning intelligence in the beginning. The issue is complex planning. You want simple energy and simple matter interact to produce complexity. Rabbit out of hat? Chance?