rekastner: Well, my interpretation views quantum entities ('offer waves') as physically real possibilities, even if they are not contained within spacetime. So in this picture, spacetime phenomena are emergent from that level -- and we're getting 'something empirical' from 'something non-empirical'. So it's not really something from nothing.-But my issue is where did spacetime come from, or is it always eternal? The universe had a beginning. Did it come from a quantum event? Vilenkin tells us mathematically he cannot 'see' a 'before' in his math.