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Message:

> A new Chinese find, early gills from 520 million years ago:
> 
> http://www.sci-news.com/paleontology/erratus-sperare-10530.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email
> 
> "Erratus sperare lived in what is now China during the Early Cambrian epoch, some 520 million years ago.
> 
> "Its fossilized remains were discovered at the Chengjiang Fossil Site, a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in the Chinese province of Yunnan.
> 
> ***
> 
> "Modern water dwelling arthropods have biramous limbs, legs that have two parts — one for breathing and one for walking — but how such specialized limbs evolved was a mystery.
> 
> "Some of the earliest fossil arthropods, like Anomalocaris, had swimming flaps that may have doubled as gills.
> 
> "But, until now, paleontologists didn’t know how arthropods made the jump from these specialized flaps to the biramous limbs of modern arthropods.
> 
> "Erratus sperare provides the missing link between stem-Euarthropoda and Deuteropoda — arthropods that used such specialised flaps and those with biramous limbs.
> 
> "According to Dr. Legg and his co-authors, the ancient arthropod had both limbs and flaps.
> 
> “'Fish aren’t the only organisms that have gills! Arthropods have gills too… they just have them on their legs,” Dr. Legg said.
> 
> “'When it came to arthropods, however, we just weren’t sure where these gills came from.”
> 
> “Thanks to this new fossil, Erratus sperare, we now have a much clearer idea,” he added.
> 
> “'These gills also probably went on to evolve into the wings of insects and the lungs of terrestrial arthropods like spiders so were a very important innovation.'”
> 
> Comment: These animals had to utilize oxygen somehow. This is probably the beginning.